|
|
|
Issue
1, Volume 6, January 2010
Title of the Paper:
New Ways of Non-invasive Measuring of Blood Circulation Parameters
DOWNLOAD
FULL PDF
Authors:
Kamil Riha, Milan Chmelar, Radim Ciz
Abstract: The purpose of the article is to describe possible ways of
non-invasive measuring and analysis of blood circulation parameters. These
parameters are very important indicators of various cardiovascular diseases in
clinical practice. For this purpose, methods of purely non-invasive analysis
are sought. A standard approach is to use an inflatable cuff for blood
pressure monitoring and analysis, using different methods of measuring,
typically systolic, diastolic, mean and, less commonly, continuous blood
pressure values. Inflatable cuff is a device decrementing a patient’s comfort,
namely by long-time (24 and more hours) monitoring. In this article, three
principles of purely non-invasive (without inflatable cuff) measurement are
described together with some experimental results. The first method described
is based on a reliable detection of artery sectional area in the video
sequence of B-mode ultrasound images using the Lucas-Canade optical flow
determination technique. The output of this method is a cardiac cycle curve
evoked by artery diameter changes. The second method for indirect
representation of blood pressure parameters is based on measuring the pulse
wave velocity, using the R-wave of electrocardiogram (ECG) as the reference
signal and the photoplethysmographic sensor for the acquisition of the pulse
wave at some distance from the heard (e.g. at forefinger). The third
considered way is based on the pulse waveform analysis starting from the
hypothesis that the shape of the wave depends on the value of blood pressure.
Keywords:
Optical Flow, B-mode Ultrasound Image, Artery Section Area, Pulse Wave
Velocity, Electrocardiogram, Photoplethysmogram, Blood Pressure, Cardiac Curve
Title of the Paper:
A Comprehensive Approach for Speech Related Multimedia Applications
DOWNLOAD
FULL PDF
Authors:
Jalal Karam
Abstract: In this paper, various speech processing techniques in time,
time-frequency and time-scale domains for the purposes of recognition and
compression are displayed. The examination of the human cochlea is included
revealing practice of Wavelet Transform representation. The interchange
between theory and application is displayed in a variety of work that have
been accomplished in that direction. In particular, we emphasize the role of
Wavelet Transforms in recognizing and compressing speech signals.
Keywords:
Multimedia, Speech Processing, Cochlea Response, Time-Frequency, Wavelet
Transform
Issue
2, Volume 6, April 2010
Title of the Paper:
Blind Equalization Technique for Cross Correlation Constant Modulus Algorithm
(CC-CMA)
DOWNLOAD
FULL PDF
Authors:
Amin Mohamed Nassar, Waleed El Nahal
Abstract: Equalization plays an important role for the communication system
receiver to correctly recover the symbol send by the transmitter, where the
received signals may contain additive noise and intersymbol interference
(ISI). Blind equalization is a technique of many equalization techniques at
which the transmitted symbols over a communication channel can be recovered
without the aid of training sequences, recently blind equalizers have a wide
range of research interest since they do not require training sequence and
extra bandwidth, but the main weaknesses of these approaches are their high
computational complexity and slow adaptation, so different algorithms are
presented to avoid this nature. The conventional Cross Correlation Constant
Modulus Algorithm (CC-CMA) suffers from slow convergence rate corresponds to
various transmission delays especially in wireless communication systems,
which require higher speed and lower bandwidth. To overcome that, several
adaptive algorithms with rapid convergence property are proposed based upon
the cross-correlation and constant modulus (CC-CM) criterion, namely the
recursive least squares (RLS) version of the CC-CMA (RLS-CC-CMA). This paper
proposes a new blind equalization technique, the Exponential Weighted
Step-size Recursive Cross Correlation CMA (EXP-RCC-CMA), which is based upon
the Exponentially Weighted Step-size Recursive Least Squares (EXP-RLS) and the
Recursive Cross Correlation CMA (RCC-CMA) methods, by introducing several
assumptions to obtain higher convergence rate, minimum Mean Squared Error
(MSE), and hence better receiver performance in digital system. Simulations
studies show the rate of convergence, the mean square error (MSE), and the
average error versus different signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) with the other
related blind algorithms.
Keywords:
Blind Equalization, Constant Modulus Algorithm (CMA), Recursive Least Squared
(RLS) algorithm, Exponentially Weighted Step-size Recursive Least Squares
(EXP-RLS) algorithm, Recursive Cross Correlation Based method for CMA
(RCC-CMA) algorithm, Channel Equalization
Title of the Paper:
Video Transcoding to Support Random Access in Scalable Video Coding
DOWNLOAD
FULL PDF
Authors:
Zhenyu Wu, Hongyang Yu, Bin Tang
Abstract: In video applications including video broadcasting, interactive TV
and IPTV, video streams are transmitted over various networks. In order to
fulfill the requirement of video devices to cut-in broadcasting, start
playback at a random location and jump to another location, the video service
provider has to implement the random access functionality. Furthermore, the
random access points can also enable the user devices to refresh the decoding
process in error-resilient transmission. In this paper, we propose a novel
transocding algorithm to insert random access points in the pre-encoded
scalable video streams. Experiments show that the proposed algorithm can get
0.5~2.1dB PSNR gain over full decode and recode (FDR) transcoder and get
0.8~4dB PSNR gain over cascade pixel domain transcoder(CPDT). Simulation
results also display that the proposed transcoding algorithm can reduce the
computational complexity significant compared with FDR and CPDT method.
Keywords:
Scalable video coding, transcoding, random access
Title of the Paper:
Radar Target Recognition based on KLLE and a KNRD Classifier
DOWNLOAD
FULL PDF
Authors:
Zhou Yun, Yu Xuelian, Liu Benyong, Wang Xuegang
Abstract: This paper presents a radar target recognition method using kernel
locally linear embedding (KLLE) and a kernel-based nonlinear representative
and discriminative (KNRD) classifier. Locally linear embedding (LLE) is one of
the representative manifold learning algorithms for dimensionality reduction.
In this paper, LLE is extended by using kernel technique, which gives rises to
the KLLE algorithm. A KNRD classifier is a combined version of a kernel-based
nonlinear representor (KNR) and a kernel-based nonlinear discriminaor (KND),
two classifiers recently proposed for optimal representation and
discrimination, respectively. KLLE is firstly utilized to reduce data
dimension and extract features from a high resolution range profile (HRRP).
Then, a KNRD classifier is employed for classification. Experimental results
on measured profiles from three aircrafts indicate the relatively good
recognition performance of the presented method.
Keywords:
Radar target recognition, high resolution range profile, kernel locally linear
embedding, kernelbased nonlinear representative and discriminative classifier
Title of the Paper:
Image Edge Detection Using Ant Colony Optimization
DOWNLOAD
FULL PDF
Authors:
Anna Veronica Baterina, Carlos Oppus
Abstract: Ant colony optimization (ACO) is a population-based metaheuristic
that mimics the foraging behavior of ants to find approximate solutions to
difficult optimization problems. It can be used to find good solutions to
combinatorial optimization problems that can be transformed into the problem
of finding good paths through a weighted construction graph. In this paper, an
edge detection technique that is based on ACO is presented. The proposed
method establishes a pheromone matrix that represents the edge information at
each pixel based on the routes formed by the ants dispatched on the image. The
movement of the ants is guided by the local variation in the image’s intensity
values. The proposed ACO-based edge detection method takes advantage of the
improvements introduced in ant colony system, one of the main extensions to
the original ant system. Experimental results show the success of the
technique in extracting edges from a digital image.
Keywords:
Ant colony optimization, image edge detection, swarm algorithm
Title of the Paper:
Optimal Location and Motion of Autonomous Unmanned Ground Vehicles
DOWNLOAD
FULL PDF
Authors:
Petr Stodola, Jan Mazal
Abstract: This paper deals with an optimal location and path-finding algorithm
in a real general environment. This algorithm is designed for autonomous
motion of unmanned ground vehicles. Importance of this problem solution is
connected with the wide application of unmanned vehicles in the modern world.
The article is divided into three basic parts and covers a general discussion
of the problem, definition of basic principles of our optimal path-finding
algorithm, an issue of optimum maneuver in a general environment on a local
and global level, and a mathematical design for our algorithm.
Keywords:
Optimal path-finding algorithm, unmanned vehicles, autonomous motion, area
reconstruction
Issue
3, Volume 6, July 2010
Title of the Paper:
Using the Hybrid Kurtosis-based Method to Correlate Strain and Vibration
Signals
DOWNLOAD
FULL PDF
Authors:
S. Abdullah, N. Ismail, M. Z. Nuawi, M. Z. Nopiah, A. Ariffin
Abstract: This study specifically focuses on the coil spring, one of the
automotive suspensions system parts. Under its service life, this component
will be driven over different surface profiles that will give different
displacements and vibration responses. This paper explores the correlation
between the strain signals resulting from displacement and vibration responses
when subjected to the variable amplitude loading. This comparative study was
implemented using strain-life approach, (ε-N) and Hybrid Integrated
Kurtosis-based Algorithm for Z-notch filter Technique (Hybrid I-kaz). The
Hybrid I-kaz method provides a two dimensional graphical representation of the
measured strain and vibration signal and Hybrid I-kaz coefficient, Zh? in
order to measure the degree of data scattering. An experiment has been
performed on an automotive suspension system machine. This study was
considered test signals which were excited based on ten different frequencies
that were varied from 1 Hz to 10 Hz. A strain gauge of 5 mm in size and an
accelerometer were mounted on the inner surface of the coil spring to measure
the strain signals and vibration responses due to the loading. The time domain
strain signals and vibration signals were then analysed based on the
Coffin-Manson model for fatigue damage prediction and the Hybrid I-kaz method.
The total fatigue damage and Hybrid I-kaz coefficients, Zh? for each signal of
the different frequencies were compared in order to perform the correlation
study. From the analysis, it was found that the strain signal was linearly
proportional to the vibration responses.
Keywords:
Fatigue, Vibration response, Random loading, I-kaz Hybrid, Coefficient,
Correlation
Title of the Paper:
Extracting Fatigue Damage Features Using STFT and CWT
DOWNLOAD
FULL PDF
Authors:
S. Abdullah, T. E. Putra, M. Z. Nuawi, Z. M. Nopiah, A. Arifin, L. Abdullah
Abstract: The fatigue feature extraction using the Short-Time Fourier
Transform (STFT) and wavelet transform approaches are presented in this paper.
The transformation of the time domain signal into time-frequency domain
computationally implemented using the STFT and Morlet wavelet methods provided
the signal energy distribution display with respect to the particular time and
frequency information. In this study, cycles with lower energy content were
eliminated, and these selections were based on the signal energy distribution
in the time representation. The simulation results showed that the Morlet
wavelet was found to be a better approach for fatigue feature extraction. The
wavelet-based analysis obtained a 59 second edited signal with the retention
of at least 94 % of the original fatigue damage. The edited signal was 65
seconds (52 %) shorter than length of the edited signal that was found using
the STFT approach. Hence, this fatigue data summarising algorithm can be used
for accelerating the simulation works related to fatigue durability testing.
Keywords:
Fatigue strain signal, fatigue damage, STFT, Morlet wavelet, edited signal
Title of the Paper:
Fragile and Resistant Image Watermarking Based on Inverse Difference Pyramid
Decomposition
DOWNLOAD
FULL PDF
Authors:
Roumen Kountchev, Vladimir Todorov, Roumiana Kountcheva
Abstract: In the paper is presented one approach for image content protection
based on layered still image decomposition with Inverse Difference Pyramid
(IDP) and digital watermark insertion. Unlike the famous pyramid
decompositions (Laplacian, Gaussian, etc.), the IDP starts from the pyramid
top, which comprises smallest number of coefficients, and continues with the
next decomposition layers (i.e., it represents the processed image with
consecutive approximations of increasing quality). The new approach permits
the insertion of multiple watermarks in the consecutive decomposition layers
(resistant and fragile) and their reliable extraction by authorized users
only. The fragile watermark is added as additional information in the
corresponding decomposition layers. Any change in the extracted fragile
watermark indicates unauthorized image editing. The resistant watermark
embedding is performed in the image spectrum phase domain. For this, the
decomposition is accomplished with Complex Hadamard Transform (CHT). The
resistant watermark is inserted in the transform coefficients’ imaginary part,
which permits the insertion of relatively large amounts of watermark data in
the protected image. The images are transformed into new format, based on the
IDP decomposition. This approach affords the opportunity for the successful
developing of various applications – image content protection; historical
heritage protection; telemedicine and healthcare; transfer of confidential
information with restricted access and many others.
Keywords:
Image content protection, image watermarking, multilayer image decomposition,
Complex Hadamard Transform, hierarchical access control
Title of the Paper:
Signal Acquisition and Processing of the Moving Vehicle Weighing System
DOWNLOAD
FULL PDF
Authors:
Shengyao Jia, Qing Li, Xiong Li
Abstract: Through experiments we have found that the weight of the lighter
axle of the two-axle vehicle would become heavier than its static weight and
the heavier axle would become lighter than its static weight when the vehicle
speed becomes faster. Based on this conclusion, a novel weighing method for
vehicles with middle high speed is set up. It has also reduced the error
caused by the impact of vehicle vibrating. System hardware, software and
design ideas for vehicle Weigh-In-Motion (WIM) have been introduced in this
article. The system also has the advantages of easy installation and
portability.
Keywords:
Weigh-In-Motion ,Compensation ,Axle-Weight
Title of the Paper:
Parallel Image and Video Processing on Distributed Computer Systems
DOWNLOAD
FULL PDF
Authors:
Radu Dobrescu, Matei Dobrescu, Dan Popescu
Abstract: The aim of the paper is to validate architectures that allow an
image processing researcher to develop parallel applications. A comparative
analysis of the possible software and hardware solutions for real-time image
and video processing was presented, with emphasis on distributed computing.
The challenge was to develop algorithms that perform real-time low level
operations on digital images able to be executed on a cluster of desktop PCs.
The experiments on a case study show how to use parallelizable patterns and
how to optimize the load balancing between the workstations.
Keywords:
Real-time image processing, low level operations, parallel and distributed
processing, tasks scheduling, lines detection, directional filtering
Issue
4, Volume 6, October 2010
Title of the Paper:
Diffusing RFID-Sensor Networks and Security Threats
DOWNLOAD
FULL PDF
Authors:
Tai-Hoon Kim
Abstract: To uniquely identify physical objects, Radio Frequency
Identification (RFID) systems are used with its limitless possibilities and
low cost. RFID is a method of remotely storing and retrieving data using
devices called RFID tags. An RFID tag is a small object, such as an adhesive
sticker, that can be attached to or incorporated into a product. But with this
common scenario involving numerous tags and present in the interrogation zone
of a single reader at the same time. RFID is prone to security threat as well,
which is the main focus of this paper. In this paper we present an
anti-collision protocol existing and applied in the RFID dilemma, sited
vulnerabilities and suggested general security solutions.
Keywords:
RFID, Security, Threats
Title of the Paper:
Development of 3D Image Reconstruction Based on Untracked 2D Fetal Phantom
Ultrasound Images using VTK
DOWNLOAD
FULL PDF
Authors:
Mahani Hafizah, Tan Kok, Eko Supriyanto
Abstract: Three dimensional (3D) ultrasound image reconstruction based on two
dimensional (2D) images has become a famous method for analyzing some anatomy
related to abnormalities. 3D ultrasound image reconstruction system is
required in order to view the specific part of the object and so that it can
be used for analysis purpose. In this paper, 2D images of fetal phantom were
taken by using untracked free-hand ultrasound system. Few sets of 2D images
were taken with different number of slices and after some basic 2D image
processing, 3D reconstruction is done by using surface rendering techniques by
implementing contour filtering and marching cubes algorithm in Visual C++ 6.0
with Visualization Toolkit (VTK) toolbox. From the experiment, we can conclude
that in order to reconstruct a better 3D image, the aid of tracking sensor is
important. Besides, image processing need to be performed thoroughly by adding
other detailed processing techniques so that noises can be fully removed. From
the result also, it can be concluded that the marching cube algorithm can give
a better result compare to contour filtering where marching cubes algorithm
can generate higher intensity 3D image which can make user easy to detect
inner part and edges of 3D images. The number of slices should also be
increased to improve the accuracy of the 3D image constructed.
Keywords:
2D ultrasound, 3D ultrasound, marching cubes, contour filtering, visualization
toolkit (VTK)
Title of the Paper:
A Bayesian Approach of Wavelet Based Image Denoising in a Hyperanalytic
Multi-Wavelet Context
DOWNLOAD
FULL PDF
Authors:
Ioana Firoiu, Alexandru Isar, Dorina Isar
Abstract: We propose the use of a new implementation of the hyperanalytic
wavelet transform, (HWT), in association with a Maximum a Posteriori (MAP)
filter named bishrink. The denoising methods based on wavelets are sensitive
to the selection of the mother wavelets. Taking into account the drawbacks of
the bishrink filter and the sensitivity with the selection of the mother
wavelets we propose a denoising method in two stages in a multi-wavelet
context. It is based on diversification followed by wavelet fusion. Some
simulation examples and comparisons prove the performances of the proposed
method.
Keywords:
MAP filter, Hyperanalytic Wavelet Transform, denoising, bishrink
Title of the Paper:
Medical Image Processing in Hip Arthroplasty
DOWNLOAD
FULL PDF
Authors:
Anca Morar, Florica Moldoveanu, Alin Moldoveanu, Victor Asavei, Alexandru
Egner
Abstract: Computers have become indispensable in all domains, and the medical
segment does not represent an exception. The need for accuracy and speed has
led to a tight collaboration between machines and human beings. Maybe the
future will allow the existence of a world where the human intervention won’t
be necessary, but for now, the best approach in the medical field is to create
semiautomatic applications, in order to help the doctors with the diagnoses,
with following the patients’ evolution and managing them and with other
medical activities. Our application is designed for automatic measurements of
orthopedic parameters, and allows the possibility of human intervention in
case the parameters have not been detected properly. The segment of the
application is Hip Arthroplasty.
Keywords:
Hip Arthroplasty, Canny Edge Detection, DICOM, Hough Transform, Radiographic
Image Processing
Title of the Paper:
The Impact of Sound Control Room Acoustics on the Perceived Acoustics of a
Diffuse Field Recording
DOWNLOAD
FULL PDF
Authors:
C. C. J. M. Hak, R. H. C. Wenmaekers
Abstract: Live recordings of music and speech in concert halls have acoustical
properties, such as reverberation, definition, clarity and spaciousness. Sound
engineers play back these recordings through loudspeakers in sound control
rooms for audio CD or film. The acoustical properties of these rooms influence
the perceived acoustics of the live recording. To find the practical impact of
‘room in room’ acoustics in general, combinations of random room acoustic
impulse responses using convolution techniques have been investigated. To find
the practical impact of a sound control room on the acoustical parameter
values of a concert hall when played back in that control room, combinations
of concert hall impulse responses and sound control room impulse responses
have been investigated. It is found that to accurately reproduce a steady
sound energy decay rate (related to the reverberation time), the playback room
should have at least twice this decay rate, under diffuse sound field
conditions. For energy modulations (related to speech intelligibility) this
decay rate should be more than four times higher. Finally, initial energy
ratios (related to definition and clarity) require auditive judgement in the
direct sound field. ITU-recommendations used for sound control room design are
sufficient for reverberation and speech intelligibility judgement of concert
hall recordings. Clarity judgement needs a very high decay rate, while
judgement of spaciousness can only be done by headphone.
Keywords:
Sound control, Sound studio, Control room, Room acoustics, Concert hall,
Recording, Playback, Convolution, Head and torso simulator, HATS
Title of the Paper:
Robust News Video Text Detection Based on Edges and Line-Deletion
DOWNLOAD
FULL PDF
Authors:
Shwu-Huey Yen, Hsiao-Wei Chang, Chia-Jen Wang, Chun-Wei Wang
Abstract: This paper presents a robust and efficient text detection algorithm
for news video. The proposed algorithm uses the temporal information of video
and logical AND operation to remove most of irrelevant background. Then a
window-based method by counting the black-and-white transitions is applied on
the resulted edge map to obtain rough text blobs. Line deletion technique is
used twice to refine the text blocks. The proposed algorithm is applicable to
multiple languages (English, Japanese and Chinese), robust to text polarities
(positive or negative), various character sizes (from 4?7 to 30?30), and text
alignments (horizontal or vertical).Three metrics, recall (R), precision (P),
and quality of bounding preciseness (Q), are adopted to measure the efficacy
of text detection algorithms. According to the experimental results on various
multilingual video sequences, the proposed algorithm has a 96% and above
performance in all three metrics. Comparing to existing methods, our method
has better performance especially in the quality of bounding preciseness that
is crucial to later binarization process.
Keywords:
Information retrieval, Multiple frames integration, Video text, Text
detection, Canny edge map, Black-white transition, Line-deletion
Title of the Paper:
RSTC-Invariant Object Representation with 2D Modified Mellin-Fourier
Transform
DOWNLOAD
FULL PDF
Authors:
Roumen Kountchev, Vladimir Todorov, Roumiana Kountcheva
Abstract: In this paper is presented a method for invariant 2D object
representation based on the Mellin-Fourier Transform (MFT), modified for the
application. The so obtained image representation is invariant against 2D
rotation, scaling, and translation change (RST). The representation is
additionally made invariant to significant contrast and illumination changes.
The method is aimed at content-based object retrieval in large image
databases. A new algorithm for fast closest vector search in the database is
proposed as well. The experimental results obtained using the software
implementation of the method proved the method efficiency. The method is
suitable for various applications, such as detection of children sexual abuse
in multimedia files, search of handwritten and printed documents, etc.
Keywords:
Modified Mellin-Fourier Transform, 2D object representation, Object retrieval,
RST-invariant object representation, Fast closest vector search in a database
Title of the Paper:
Wavelet-Based Signal Analysis of a Vehicle Crash Test
DOWNLOAD
FULL PDF
Authors:
Hamid Reza Karimi, Kjell G. Robbersmyr
Abstract: Nowadays, each newly produced car must conform to the appropriate
safety standards and norms. The most direct way to observe how a car behaves
during a collision and to assess its crashworthiness is to perform a crash
test. This paper deals with the wavelet-based performance analysis of the
safety barrier for use in a full-scale test. The test involves a vehicle, a
Ford Fiesta, which strikes the safety barrier at a prescribed angle and speed.
The vehicle speed before the collision was measured. Vehicle accelerations in
three directions at the centre of gravity were measured during the collision.
The yaw rate was measured with a gyro meter. Using normal speed and high-speed
video cameras, the behavior of the safety barrier and the test vehicle during
the collision was recorded. Based upon the results obtained, the tested safety
barrier, has proved to satisfy the requirements for an impact severity level.
By taking into account the Haar wavelets, the property of integral operational
matrix is utilized to find an algebraic representation form for calculate of
wavelet coefficients of acceleration signals. It is shown that Haar wavelets
can construct the acceleration signals well.
Keywords:
Haar wavelet, signal analysis, vehicle crash, safety barrier
Title of the Paper:
Using Pisarenko Harmonic Decomposition for the Design of 2-D IIR Notch
Filters
DOWNLOAD
FULL PDF
Authors:
Nikos E. Mastorakis
Abstract: In this paper, the Pisarenko Harmonic Decomposition is used for the
design of 2-D (Two-Dimensional) notch filters. An appropriate transformation,
recently proposed by the author is used.
Keywords:
Pisarenko Harmonic Decomposition, Notch Filters, 2-D Notch Filters,
Multidimensional Systems, Multidimensional Filters, Filter Design
|
|
|
